The University of Toronto Libraries is not able to grant permission to reproduce works which they do not hold copyright in. Permission to reproduce copyright protected material rests with the author of the work. We recommend that you contact the author or publisher of the work to seek these permissions.
Copyright protection does expire at some point. When the term of copyright expires, works enter the public domain, which allows for anyone to use and reproduce works without permission, even for commercial purposes.
The term of copyright protection will also vary from country to country. Please refer to the applicable copyright laws in the country which you reside in. In Canada, the general term of copyright protection in literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works was extended from 50 to 70 years after the end of the year of the creator’s death as of December 30, 2022. This means that works by authors who died in 1972 will enter the public domain on January 1, 2043, rather than January 1, 2023 as previously expected. This term extension will not apply to works already in the public domain. To learn more about how this will affect public domain works, please visit the following link: https://onesearch.library.utoronto.ca/copyright/scholarly-communications-and-copyright-office.